Water: The Overlooked Nutrient in Dairy Farming

Water is the most essential nutrient in dairy farming, yet it is often overlooked. A recent DairyHerd article featuring Dr. Vern Osborne emphasizes water’s critical role in cow health, productivity, and facility management. Key areas include water quality, nutrient supplementation through water, facility design, and sustainable practices.

Osborne describes water as the “mega molecule,” essential for every cell function. Transition cows, in particular, benefit from nutrient-enriched water to maintain energy balance during stress. Facility design also matters; strategically placed bowls, troughs, and moving water features stimulate natural drinking behaviors.

Water quality directly impacts intake and herd health. Osborne recommends full chemical analysis of water sources and mechanical filtration methods for consistent, safe quality. Looking ahead, practices like rainwater harvesting and improved filtration will be vital as environmental and economic pressures grow.

Prioritizing water management enhances cow well-being and strengthens long-term farm efficiency.

Read the full article on DairyHerd.

For personalized guidance on optimizing water systems for your operation, contact Cornerstone. We’re committed to supporting your farm’s success.

Beyond the Feed: A Whole-Farm Approach to Dairy Success

At Cornerstone Ag Management, we believe that true dairy performance is about more than just nutrition. It’s about understanding the entire operation. That’s why our team of consultants partners closely with producers to support herd health, forage planning, crop rotations, and long-term efficiency.

A recent article in Tri-State Neighbor highlighted the work of our own Brent Van Middendorp and his integrated role at Hilltop Dairy in Elkton, South Dakota. His work there reflects our broader philosophy: when nutritionists collaborate with the full farm team, herdsmen, vets, calf growers, and feed crews, great things happen.

What does this whole-farm support look like?

  • Customized Nutrition + Forage Strategy: Brent helps Hilltop Dairy make decisions about crop selection, field rotations, and harvest timing, ensuring the feed they grow matches their herd’s nutritional needs and supports soil health.
  • Hands-On Herd Oversight: From walking barns and observing cow behavior to adjusting rations based on forage quality, our visits are about more than numbers; they’re about knowing your herd.
  • Future-Focused Calf Care: Calf performance today impacts the milking herd tomorrow. At Hilltop, calves are raised nearby under attentive care and customized rations designed by Cornerstone, helping achieve a 90% return rate to the milking herd.
  • Efficiency Through Local Sourcing: Brent works with dairies to source ingredients smartly, balancing cost, quality, and proximity to drive long-term sustainability.

As Brent says, “Our milk production today is the result of what we failed or achieved over the last three years.” That’s why every decision matters.

Looking for a partner who sees the big picture? Let’s talk about how Cornerstone Ag Management can support your entire operation!

Shift Alfalfa Goals with High Corn Silage Diets

As dairy and beef diets evolve towards higher corn silage content, it’s time for forage growers to rethink alfalfa management strategies. With cattle showing a clear preference for diet consistency, the shift towards more corn silage has influenced alfalfa’s role in nutrition, leading to a reevaluation of alfalfa harvest intervals and heights.

John Goeser highlights the need for flexibility in alfalfa harvest strategies, suggesting that longer intervals could yield more while providing the structural fiber needed in corn silage-heavy diets. This approach not only meets current dietary trends but also promises longer stand life and greater yield.

As the dairy industry leans more on corn silage, understanding the balance between quality and quantity in alfalfa becomes crucial. Let’s navigate these changes together, optimizing forage production to support efficient and sustainable dairy operations. 

Considering how to adjust your forage growing strategies? Contact us for insights and support in making informed decisions.

To learn more, read the full article by John Goeser in Hay and Forage.

The Most Overlooked Nutrient

We’re highlighting the often-overlooked importance of water for dairy cattle, a crucial nutrient that tends to be forgotten in daily farm management due to its widespread availability. This insight comes from a reflection on dairy quiz bowl experiences and a recent Virginia Dairy Pipeline article by dairy extension agent Jeremy Daubert.

Daubert emphasizes the vital role water plays in the biological functions of cows, noting that cows lose water through various means, including respiration, perspiration, and milk production, which is about 87% water. He also refers to the Nutrient Requirements for Dairy Cattle (NRC) for guidelines on estimating the drinking water needs of dairy cattle, which vary based on factors like age, climate, and lactation status.

A key aspect of water management on farms is ensuring the quality of the water provided. Daubert recommends periodic testing of water sources for pH, total dissolved solids, bacteria, and coliforms, as many quality issues are not visible and require lab analysis. He challenges farmers to consider if the water they provide to their cattle is clean enough for human consumption, stressing that troughs should be cleaned regularly, with frequency depending on factors like animal numbers, trough size, and season.

To learn more: Read the full article by Maggie Gilles on Hoard’s Dairyman

High Production Costs Could Weigh on the Ag Economy Through 2024, New Survey of Economists Finds

The Ag Economists’ Monthly Monitor unveils helpful insights on the state of U.S. agriculture. Economists forecast a downward trend in the financial health of the sector, driven by high production costs, global competition, and more. With wide-ranging views on 2023 crop yields and commodity prices, the survey reveals a mixed outlook on livestock and a watchful eye on potential recession threats:

“Main Takeaways from the June Survey
Highlights from the first Ag Economists’ Monthly Monitor include:

  • The perceived financial health of U.S. agriculture is trending lower and is expected to continue to decline over the next 12 months.
  • Production costs, global competition, geopolitical risks, drought and demand headwinds are among the main drivers.
  • The majority of agricultural economists expect farm income to drift lower, with some expecting levels to land closer to the five-year average in 2024.
  • High production expenses are the biggest obstacle in 2023.
  • 2023 crop yield estimates vary widely among the economists surveyed.
  • Economists expect crop prices to drift lower in 2023 and 2024.
  • Beef cow supplies are forecast to continue to decline this year.

A Current and Future Snapshot of the Agriculture Economy

The monitor shows the perceived financial health of U.S. agriculture has moved slightly lower over the past year, and economists expect that trend to continue over the next 12 months.”

To learn more: Read the full article by Tyne Morgan

Poor Air Quality from Wildfire Smoke can put Livestock at Risk

The wildfire smoke drifting from Canada into the United States has prompted a call to action for those with underlying lung conditions or asthma, including children and the elderly, to minimize outdoor exposure. But this warning extends beyond human health; it’s a risk to our animals, too. Rhonda Brooks writes

“Look for the following signs of possible smoke or dust irritation in animals, including:
•    Coughing or gagging
•    Difficulty breathing, including open mouth breathing and increased noise when breathing
•    Eye irritation and excessive watering
•    Inflammation of throat or mouth
•    Nasal discharge
•    Asthma-like symptoms
•    Increased breathing rate
•    Fatigue or weakness
•    Disorientation or stumbling
•    Reduced appetite and/or thirst

[…]

Unhealthy levels of pollutants from the smoke spread across states in those regions including most of Michigan and Wisconsin and parts of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, according to tracker AirNow.gov.”

To Learn More, Read the full article by Rhonda Brooks

What are the 6 freedoms of a cow?

“Focusing on the six freedoms of a cow proves to be beneficial for increasing your dairy’s return on investment (ROI). The six freedoms of a cow outlined by a dairy farming training organization are space, rest, water, air, light and feed. These freedoms have aligned benchmarking goals to help producers realize higher returns on current and future farm investments.”

“In the U.S., a dairy cow on average stays in the herd for 2.8 lactations. This means many cows are culled before they reach their highest and most productive lactation, typically achieved during the fifth or sixth lactation. Reasons for culling include reproduction, mobility and illness. Also bringing down the average is a longer-term trend for promoting genetic superiority, which involved incorporating younger animals into herds faster. Slowing this trend down are higher rearing costs for replacements and economics.”

Read the full article by Amelie Mainville with Progressive Dairy

Costs Hit Organic Livestock Farmers

Organic dairy and other livestock farmers are seeking emergency federal aid as they grapple with skyrocketing organic feed costs, steep fuel and utility expenses as well as the consequences of drought in many parts of the country.

Two dozen U.S. senators and representatives wrote to U.S. Agriculture Department Secretary Tom Vilsack asking for emergency assistance for these farms. National and regional organic farming groups have also reached out to the department and the heads of the congressional committees.

Read the full article by Lisa Rathke with Wisconsin State Farmer

Straw Is The Farm’s Multi-tool

“Straw originates as a by-product following small grain harvest. It’s used for both bedding and as a feed ingredient. As a feed ingredient, straw is multifaceted, with nutritionists bringing straw into diets for both functional fiber and low-energy nutritional aspects. Straw also can bring anti-nutritional factors, beyond what the eyes can see.”

Read the full article by John Goeser, Rock River Lab with Hoard’s Dairyman

Reduced Lignin Alfalfa can Improve Digestibility

Alfalfa is known for its high nutritional value, and that makes it a valued forage source. However, alfalfa is often hindered nutritionally because of the indigestible lignin components in the cell wall. Using technology to improve fiber digestibility in alfalfa can provide opportunities to improve feeding flexibility and enhance animal performance. Importantly, high-quality alfalfa can be used to improve cow efficiency, production, and enhance an operation’s economic value.

Alfalfa has a number of beneficial nutritional characteristics that make it a high-quality feedstuff for dairy cows. Alfalfa is sometimes overlooked or left out of the diet because of its high expense relative to other forages. This includes its high establishment and harvest costs. This situation has led to less overall alfalfa production in the United States in the last 20 years. Incomplete fiber digestion reduces animal performance by limiting intake, and that also cascades to more manure production. When that takes place, a dairy farm’s profit potential also drops.

Read the full article by Hannah Wilson and Kenneth Kalscheur with Hoard’s Dairyman